The Loss and Reacquisition of Caffa: The Status of the Geno­ese Entrepôt within the Borders of the Golden Horde

Research objectives: To analyze both the circumstances of armed conflict Genoese Caffa with troops Golden Horde ruler, Toqta Khan, in 1307–1308, which ended temporary expulsion Italian merchants from Jöchid territory, and their return to under Toqta’s nephew successor, Özbeg Khan. materials: The information on between Khan is contained an anonymous continuation chronicle Archbishop, Jacopo da Varagine, dating middle fourteenth century; chronicles Mamluk authors, Baybars al-Mansuri al-Nuwayri; a local Greek source, namely Sugdeian Synaxarion. In turn, sources that provide about conditions are much more diverse. Of course, most important details official documents Genoa Caffa. Valuable also missionary Franciscans preaching gospel within Horde. For its part, Franciscan useful compare found Rus’ian regarding relations Catholic Orthodox prelates novelty: This study highlights use appears be extremely complement analysis relationship entrepôt authorities. results: An authorities, along negotiated new Horde, reveals obvious fact Caffa, having undoubtedly grown period due activities immigrants, had recognize submission rulers very foundation. administration likewise recognized this dependence during restoration first years Khan’s reign.